Evidence is limited to animal or in-vitro work. No human pharmacokinetics. Any human dose in circulation is extrapolated, and extrapolation across species routinely fails.
No pharmacokinetic data found on allowed hosts.
A Thymalin review (PMC8365293) cites an oral Crystagen study in elderly people with impaired immunity, but dose/frequency/duration are not given in the accessible text, and the claim traces to a Russian patent, not a peer-reviewed trial, no verifiable dose could be extracted.
Single Russian lineage. Allowed-host evidence: an aged/gamma-irradiated-rat organotypic spleen-culture study (PMID 28976144) reporting increased explant growth and reduced apoptosis; and a human immunogram-normalization claim relayed in a review (PMC8365293) that itself traces to a patent filing, not a transparent clinical trial. No independent replication; sample sizes/blinding not stated. Sequence Glu-Asp-Pro and MW 359.33 Da confirmed on PubChem (CID 23624313).
No independently verifiable human safety/toxicology data found on allowed hosts, the one human efficacy claim traces to a patent rather than a peer-reviewed trial with safety monitoring. Absence of reported harm is not evidence of safety.